Q) Describe the main differences in the molecular structure of triglycerides and phospholipids
| Main points | |
| Key idea: | Components and bonds |
| Triglyceride · Formed fr 1 glycerol + 3 fatty acids (FA) via condensation rx · Via formation of 3 ester linkages · Ref to each ester linkage due to · Ref to hydroxyl (OH) gp of glycerol reacts w carboxyl (COOH) gp of FA Phospholipid · Formed fr 1 glycerol + 2 FA + 1 phosphoric acid via condensation rx · Via formation of 2 ester linkages + 1 phosphoester linkage, respectively | |
| Key idea: | Type of lipid |
| Triglyceride · Simple lipid Phospholipid · Complex lipid | |
| Key idea: | Amphiphathic property of phospholipid |
| Phospholipid · Phosphate often bonded to a nitrogen-containing organic gp (e.g. choline) · Hydrophilic polar head comprises of glycerol residue, phosphate & organic base; can ionize in water · 2 hydrophobic non-polar hydrocarbon chains of FA residues · Ref to both hydrophilic + hydrophobic regions of mol gives rise to amphipathic property (absent in triglyceride) | |
| Comments: (i) Visualize the answer with the aid of a labelled diagram (showing the formation of triglyceride and phospholipid) (ii) Verbalize the answer + write down the main points w/o referring to the answer (use abbreviations) (iii) Read again within the next 24h & once more within 72h (do not spend more than 10min) | |
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